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The Ten Commandments
十 誡
注：《十誡》選自《舊約》的“申命記”（Deuteronomy）。中世紀(jì)以來(lái)，在基督教教會(huì)的極力推行下，“十誡”成為傳統(tǒng)西方社會(huì)的道德準(zhǔn)則，對(duì)西方文化產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。如果把它的具體內(nèi)容同中國(guó)文化的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀作一比較，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間存在著明顯的異同。一方面，中西文化涇渭分明。前者表現(xiàn)出入世的、寬容的特征，如孔子不談“怪、力、亂、神”，中國(guó)人“見神就拜”，相信“八仙過(guò)海，各顯神通”；后者則表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的出世與排他傾向，這一點(diǎn)在第1—4誡中可以看出。另一方面，中西文化也具有共同的道德追求，第5—10誡可以為證。當(dāng)然，當(dāng)代中西文化均已發(fā)生很大變化，這一點(diǎn)，還望讀者明察。
Moses called together all the people of Israel and said to them, "People of Israel, listen to all the laws that I am giving you today. Learn them and be sure that you obey them. At Mount Sinai the Lord our God made a covenant, not only with our fathers, but with all of us who are living today. There on the mountain the Lord spoke to you face-to-face from the fire. I stood between you and the Lord at that time to tell you what he said, because you were afraid of the fire and would not go up the mountain.
"The Lord said, 'I'm the Lord your God, who rescued you from Egypt, where you were slaves.
"'Worship no god but me."
"'Do not make for yourselves images of anything in heaven or on earth or in the water under the earth. Do not bow down to any idol or worship it, for I am the Lord your God and I tolerate no rivals. I bring punishment on those who hate me and on their descendants down to the third and fourth generation. But I show my love to thousands of generations of those who love me and obey my laws."
"'Do not use my name for evil purposes, for I, the Lord your God, will punish anyone who misuses my name."
"'Observe the Sabbath and keep it holy, as I, the Lord your God, have commanded you. You have six days in which to do your work, but the seventh day is a day of rest dedicated to me. On that day no one is to work—neither you, your children, your slaves, your animals, nor the foreigners who live in your country. Your slaves must rest just as you do. Remember that you were slaves in Egypt, and that I, the Lord your God, rescued you by my great power and strength. That is why I command you to observe the Sabbath."
"'Respect your father and your mother, as I, the Lord your God, command you, so that all may go well with you and so that you may live a long time in the land that I am giving you."
"'Do not commit murder."
"'Do not commit adultery."
"'Do not steal."
"'Do not accuse anyone falsely."
"'Do not desire another man's wife; do not desire his house, his land, his slaves, his cattle, his donkeys, or anything else that he owns.'
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