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“中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇2004”開幕式上的講話
Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the 2004 Sino-European Economic Forum
原外經(jīng)貿(mào)部副部長、中國國際貿(mào)易學(xué)會名譽(yù)會長
沈覺人
2004年4月
Honorary Chairman of China Association of International Trade And Former Vice Minister of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
Shen Jueren
April 27 2004
今天，我很高興與新老朋友們一起，參加對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)和中國國際貿(mào)易學(xué)會聯(lián)合舉辦的中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇，對大使先生和歐洲其他朋友們出席論壇,表示歡迎。 Today, I'm very pleased to be with my new and old friends to attend the Sino-European Economic Forum jointly hosted by the University of International Business and Economics and the China Association of International Trade. I'd like to extend my welcome to his Excellency Ambassador and other European friends participating in this forum.
在我國對外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作中，與歐洲的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，具有十分重要的地位。歐洲，特別是西歐國家，已成為我國重要的貿(mào)易伙伴以及資金和技術(shù)的重要來源，獨聯(lián)體和中東歐國家也正在成為我國開展經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作的重要伙伴。
China's economic and trade links with Europe hold a prominent position in China's foreign trade and economic cooperation. Europe, especially the west European countries, has been important as China's trading partners and source of capital and technologies. The Commonwealth of Independent States and central and eastern European countries are also becoming our important economic and trading partners.
2003年，是中國正式加入世貿(mào)組織的第二年。在這一年里，中國嚴(yán)格按照加入WTO時所作的承諾，降低關(guān)稅，開放市場，遵守WTO規(guī)則，修改相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)，獲得了各方面的好評。中國的對外開放呈現(xiàn)出新局面，對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易有了新的發(fā)展。全年進(jìn)出口總額8512億美元，比上年增長37.1%；中國進(jìn)口總額4128億美元，增長39.9%；出口總額4383億美元，增長34.6%。貿(mào)易順差255億美元,比上年下降16%。 全年實際使用外國直接投資535億美元，增長1.4%。2003年也是歐元正式在歐元區(qū)12國啟動的第一年；歐盟的一體化建設(shè)，特別是歐盟擴(kuò)大進(jìn)程取得重要進(jìn)展。
In 2003, the 2nd year of its WTO membership, China strictly complied with its commitments, cut tariffs, opened the markets, strictly observed the WTO rules, and modified relevant laws and regulations. These have received compliments from all parties. China's opening-up has taken on a new look and its foreign trade and economic cooperation have taken new steps. The import and export in the whole year totaled US$ 851.2 billion, up by 37.1% over the previous year. The total import stood at US$ 412.8 billion, up 39.9%; the export reached US$ 438.3 billion, up 34.6%. The trade surplus dropped by 16% to US$ 25.5 billion. The foreign direct investment actually utilized in the whole year was US$ 53.5 billion, up 1.4%. The year 2003 is also the 1st year for the official Euro launch in the euro zone consisting of 12 member states. The EU integration process, in particular, the enlargement, has made significant progress.
在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)開始恢復(fù)增長的去年，中歐經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系保持了較快速度的發(fā)展，呈現(xiàn)出良好的發(fā)展勢頭，這是雙方共同努力的結(jié)果。據(jù)中國海關(guān)統(tǒng)計，2003年中國與歐洲進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額為1620.9億美元，比上年增長43.8%, 其中與歐盟的進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額為1252億美元，同比增長44.4%。歐盟繼續(xù)保持中國第三大貿(mào)易伙伴地位，僅次于日本和美國。中國與俄羅斯之間的貿(mào)易額也在去年增長了32.1%, 達(dá)157.6億美元, 俄羅斯成為中國的第八大貿(mào)易伙伴和原木、化工原料等一些重要原材料商品的來源地。
Last year when the global economy started to recover its growth, the economic and trade relations between China and Europe, however, has maintained a relatively fast growth speed and taken on a good momentum of development. This should be attributed to the concerted efforts of both sides. According to the statistics of Chinese Customs, the import and export between China and Europe in 2003 was US$ 162.09 billion, up 43.8% compared with the previous year, among which, the trade volume with the EU reached US$ 125.2 billion, up 44.4% compared with the previous year. The EU continued to remain as China's 3rd largest trading partner, only after Japan and the US. The trade volume between China and Russia last year increased by 32.1% to US$ 15.76 billion. Russia has become China's 8th largest trading partner and the source of timber log, chemical materials and other important raw materials.
近年來，中歐政治關(guān)系進(jìn)一步鞏固和加強(qiáng)，為雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。中國與歐盟、俄羅斯分別確立了面向二十一世紀(jì)的全面伙伴關(guān)系和戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系，并建立了中國歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人、中俄首腦和中俄總理定期會晤機(jī)制。哈薩克斯坦、中國、吉爾吉斯斯坦、俄羅斯、塔吉克斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦六國正式成立了“上海合作組織”，并啟動了以貿(mào)易投資便利化為主要內(nèi)容的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作機(jī)制。中歐雙方高層互訪不斷。2002年6月江澤民主席出席了在俄羅斯圣彼得堡舉行的上海合作組織元首會晤，簽署了《上海合作組織憲章》;9月，朱 基總理赴歐出席中國歐盟領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人第五次會晤，并訪問了法國、丹麥等國。今年1月胡錦濤主席訪問法國與希拉克總統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了重要會談。歐盟國家中，比利時、盧森堡、西班牙、德國、丹麥等國政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，這兩年也先后訪問了我國。高層的互訪，有力地推動了雙邊關(guān)系特別是經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展。
In recent years, the Sino-European relationship has been further consolidated and reinforced. This has laid a solid foundation for the growth of bilateral economic and trade relations. China has established respectively with the EU and Russia the comprehensive partnership facing the 21st century and the Strategic Cooperation Partnership. Also, China has formed the regular meeting mechanism between Chinese and EU leaders, between the heads of state of China and Russia and between the Chinese premier and Russian Prime Minister. In addition, Kazakhstan，China, Kirgizstan, Russia, Tadzhikistan and Uzbekistan formally founded the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and started this regional economic cooperative organization with the trade and investment facilitation as the mainstay. In June 2002, China's then president JIANG Zemin attended the summit of Shanghai Cooperation Organization held in St Petersburg, Russia, where he signed the Charter of Shanghai Cooperation Organization. And then he visited the three Baltic States and Iceland. In September, the then Premier ZHU Rongji went to Europe to attend the 5th meeting between the leaders of China and the EU and then he visited France, Denmark. In January this year, President HU Jintao visited France, where he held important discussions with President Chirac and achieved significant results. Among the EU member states, heads of government of Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain, Germany, Denmark and etc visited China one after another over the past two years. Recently, President Prodi of the European Community paid a successful visit to China, and Chinese Premier WEN Jiabao is also going to pay a visit to Europe. The exchange of high-level visits has vigorously promoted the growth of bilateral relations, in particular, the economic and trade relations between China and Europe.
眾所周知, 在中國與歐洲的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系中, 歐盟占有重要的地位。2003年中國與歐盟的貿(mào)易額占中國與歐洲貿(mào)易總額的77%, 目前中國歐盟已互為第三大貿(mào)易伙伴。歐盟是中國產(chǎn)品出口的一個傳統(tǒng)市場，在我對外貿(mào)易中的比重不斷上升。與此同時，中國也成為歐盟一個重要出口市場，在其對外貿(mào)易中的比重也在上升。在中國加入世貿(mào)組織后，隨著我投資環(huán)境的進(jìn)一步改善，歐盟企業(yè)對華投資信心不斷增強(qiáng)，歐洲企業(yè)，如諾基亞、BP、殼牌、阿爾卡特等重要跨國企業(yè)的資本繼續(xù)大量進(jìn)入我國。截至2003年12月，歐盟15個成員國來華投資項目數(shù)已達(dá)16158個，合同外資金額約650億美元，實際投入378億美元。與此同時，中國的一些大企業(yè)如聯(lián)想、海爾、華為、TCL等，也開始在歐盟投資設(shè)廠或成立營銷、研發(fā)中心。歐盟還一直是中國引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)和設(shè)備的重要來源。中國與歐盟在先進(jìn)技術(shù)，尤其是高科技產(chǎn)品方面的合作有助于歐盟擴(kuò)大對華出口，也有利于中國企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級、技術(shù)更新，符合雙方利益，具有很大的發(fā)展空間。
As is known to all, the EU is holding an important position in terms of China's economic and trade relationship with Europe. In 2003, the trade volume between China and the EU took 77% of that between China and Europe. Currently, China and the EU has mutually become the 3rd largest trading partner. The EU is a traditional market for China's exports and the export to the EU is holding an increasing percentage of China's total trade. Meanwhile, China has become an important market for the exports of EU and its trade volume with China has held an increasing percentage of its external trade. After China's accession to the WTO, with the further improvement of China's investment environment, the EU companies has an ever increasing confidence in investing in China. The capital from the big European multinational corporations like Nokia, BP, Shell and Alcatel continues to flow into China in large quantities. By the end of December 2003, the 15 members of the EU had altogether invested in 16,158 projects in China with the contractual investment worth of US$ 65 billion and with the actually utilized investment of US$ 37.8 billion. At the same time, some of China's big companies like Lenovo, Haier, Huawei Technology and TCL have started to make investment in the EU member states to establish plants or marketing, R&D centers. The EU has always been an important source of technology and equipment import for China. The Sino-EU cooperation in the field of advanced technologies, especially the new and high-tech products, helps expand the EU export to China and also helps Chinese enterprises upgrade their industries, renovate their technologies. All these are in the interests of both sides and have considerable space for further growth.
在中國與歐盟雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系取得積極進(jìn)展的同時，也不時出現(xiàn)一些問題和分歧，我認(rèn)為，當(dāng)前需要解決的主要問題有：(1)關(guān)于中國動物源性產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入歐盟問題。2002年初, 歐盟宣布全面禁止進(jìn)口中國動物源性產(chǎn)品，對中國有關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)造成了巨大損失，雖然經(jīng)過我國政府有關(guān)部門積極交涉以及企業(yè)界的努力，我輸歐動物源性產(chǎn)品已獲部分解禁，但這一問題至今尚未完全解決，雙方需進(jìn)一步努力。(2) 關(guān)于中國的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)地位問題。歐盟是對華實施反傾銷措施最多的地區(qū)之一，而且中國絕大多數(shù)企業(yè)仍享受不到市場經(jīng)濟(jì)地位，對中國企業(yè)的反傾銷調(diào)查存在歧視，具體操作缺乏透明度。我國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人已明確要求歐委會客觀評價中國的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)成就，盡早給予我完全市場經(jīng)濟(jì)地位。我們高興地看到，歐盟商會最近呼吁歐盟給予中國完全市場經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的時機(jī)已經(jīng)成熟。(3) 放松對華技術(shù)出口限制問題。盡管中歐技術(shù)合作的潛力很大，但由于歐盟在1989年形成的、已不合時宜的對華技術(shù)出口的政策，一些先進(jìn)技術(shù)對華出口還受到歐盟限制。中歐雙方的企業(yè)都迫切希望歐方放松對華技術(shù)出口限制并盡快取消這種限制政策，以便充分發(fā)揮中歐技術(shù)合作的潛力。
As the bilateral economic and trade relations between China and the EU is progressing quite positively, some problems and disagreement arise from time to time. I think that the major problems before us are as follows: first, the problem caused by the entry of China's products of animal origin into the EU. In 2002, the EU announced a full ban on the import of China's animal products, which has caused tremendous damages to relevant China's industries. Through the positive negotiations by the relevant authorities of the Chinese government and the efforts made by the business community, the ban on China's exports of animal origin products to the EU has been partially lifted. But this problem has yet to resolve completely. Second, the question of granting China the market economy status. The EU is one of the very regions that have launched the largest number of anti-dumping investigations on China. Besides, most of the Chinese enterprises have not yet enjoyed the market economy status. The anti-dumping investigation on the Chinese enterprises is still of a discriminatory nature. The transparency is unavailable in concrete practice. The Chinese leadership has clearly requested the European Commission to assess impartially the achievements of China's market economy building and grant China the market economy status as early as possible. We are very pleased to see that the EU Chamber of Commerce has believed that it's the right time to grant China the full market economy status and called upon the EU to grant this status to China. Third, the issue of relaxation of the restriction over technology export to China. Though China and the EU have huge potential for technology cooperation, the EU policy on technology export to China, which was formed in 1989 and no longer appropriate to the current needs, has still restricted the export of some advanced technologies to China. The companies of both sides hope eagerly that the EU would loosen such restriction and abolish this restrictive policy as soon as possible so as to give full play to the potentialities of Sino-EU technological cooperation.
中國和歐盟在經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系中出現(xiàn)某些問題是可以理解的。我們衷心希望歐盟采取合作、務(wù)實和建設(shè)性的態(tài)度對相關(guān)問題盡早解決，以促進(jìn)雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作和友好關(guān)系的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。
It's understandable that there are some bumps in our economic and trade cooperation. We sincerely hope that the EU would adopt a cooperative, pragmatic and constructive attitude to resolve the relevant problems at an early stage so as to further develop the bilateral economic and trade relationship as well as our friendly relations.
我們注意到，2003年4月16日，波蘭、捷克和匈牙利等10個入盟候選國加入歐盟條約簽字儀式在雅典舉行。10國將于今年年5月1日正式加入歐盟。中國方面認(rèn)為，歐盟第5次擴(kuò)大是歐盟發(fā)展史上的一件大事。中方支持歐洲一體化建設(shè)，對這次擴(kuò)盟表示歡迎，并希望歐盟擴(kuò)大后能進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)歐洲的和平、繁榮和穩(wěn)定，在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮積極作用。中方還認(rèn)為，歐盟擴(kuò)大給我國提供了一個更大的、統(tǒng)一的、穩(wěn)定的市場的同時，如果雙方不能就一些貿(mào)易安排盡早進(jìn)行適當(dāng)調(diào)整，在短期內(nèi)也可能對中國造成一些經(jīng)貿(mào)利益的減損。中方愿與歐方合作，通過適當(dāng)?shù)陌才�，合理補(bǔ)償因歐盟擴(kuò)大對中方經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的減損，確保雙邊貿(mào)易及其它形式的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作不受到負(fù)面影響。
We have noticed that the 10 candidate states including Poland, Czech and Hungary will formally join the EU on May 1st this year. The Chinese government sees the 5th EU enlargement a great event in the history of EU development. China supports the development of the EU integration and welcomes this enlargement. We hope that the enlarged EU will further advance the peace, prosperity and stability in Europe, and would play a more important role in international affairs. The Chinese side also believes that the EU enlargement will provide China with a bigger, integrated and stable market. The Chinese side is willing to work with the EU side to ensure that through fair and reasonable arrangements, as well as the compensation for China's economic loses caused by the enlargement, the bilateral trade and the economic and trade cooperation in other forms will not be negatively affected.
2003年10月13日，中國政府發(fā)表了《中國對歐盟政策文件》，表達(dá)中國對歐盟的政策目標(biāo)，規(guī)劃今后5年的合作領(lǐng)域和相關(guān)措施，加強(qiáng)同歐盟的全面合作，推動中歐關(guān)系長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。在經(jīng)濟(jì)合作方面，特別指出，;中國致力于發(fā)展中歐富有活力和長期穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作關(guān)系，并期待歐盟成為中國最大貿(mào)易與投資伙伴。;歐盟委員會主席普羅迪2000年曾指出，歐中貿(mào)易關(guān)系非常重要，希望歐盟早日發(fā)展成為中國最大的貿(mào)易與投資伙伴。中方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人也對此表示贊同。展望未來，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化進(jìn)程的加快，雙邊友好關(guān)系的發(fā)展，我們對中歐經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展充滿信心。
On October 13th 2003, the Chinese Government issued the China EU Policy Paper, in which, China's policy and objective on the EU is made and the cooperation areas and the relevant measures in the next five years are outlined, designed to reinforce its comprehensive cooperation with the EU and advance a long-term and stable Sino-EU relationship. On the economic cooperation, this paper points out that China is dedicated to developing the Sino-EU economic and trade ties, which features being dynamic, long-term and stable, and hopes that the EU could become China's largest partner in trade and investment.; Mr. Prodi, President of the European Commission pointed out in 2000 that the Sino-EU trade relationship was very important and that the EU hoped that it would become China's largest trading and investment partner at an early date. The Chinese leadership echoed that. Looking into the future, as the economic globalization is speeding up and the bilateral friendly relations are developing, we are full of confidence in the further development of the Sino-EU economic and trade relationship.
女士們，先生們：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
中國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會發(fā)展第十個五年計劃（2001年-2005年）正在順利實施。2001年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP）比上年增長7.3%，2002年比2001年增長8%，2003年又增長9.1%。我國工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和固定資產(chǎn)投資都將持續(xù)增長，商品貿(mào)易繼續(xù)發(fā)展，服務(wù)貿(mào)易逐步對外開放，關(guān)稅總水平將進(jìn)一步下調(diào)。這些都為中國和歐盟之間經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展提供了良好的機(jī)會。中國政府這兩年關(guān)注的經(jīng)濟(jì)工作重點,包括發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)，增加農(nóng)民收入；繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需；加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、推進(jìn)西部開發(fā)和振興東北工業(yè)基地；深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革，規(guī)范市場經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序；繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大對外開放；繼續(xù)實施可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略；改進(jìn)行政管理，深化機(jī)構(gòu)改革，等等。相信在中國政府實施各項重點工作后，中國今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)將繼續(xù)順利發(fā)展，人民生活水平進(jìn)一步提高，社會保持穩(wěn)定，對外經(jīng)濟(jì)交往將進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。
China's 10th Five-year Plan (2001-2005) for the National Economic and Social Development is being carried out smoothly. Based on the 7.3% GDP growth in 2001 over the previous year, the GDP in 2002 increased by 8% over 2001 and in 2003, it witnessed another growth of 9.1% on a year-on-year basis. China's industrial and agricultural production as well as capital investment will stably grow, China's trade will continue to develop, the service trade will gradually open up and the general tariff level will be further lowered. All these provide excellent opportunities for the growth of economic and trade relationship between China and the EU. The Chinese government has attached great importance to the following areas in China's economy: to develop agriculture, rural economy and increase farmers' income, to continue with the expansion of domestic demands; to accelerate economic structural adjustment and push forward the western development and revitalization of Northeast China, a traditional industrial base in China; deepen the reform of economic system and regulate the market economy; open wider to the outside world; continue to implement the strategy of sustainable development; improve the administrative management system and deepen the institutional reform and etc. We believe that with the priority tasks to be fulfilled, China's economy will continue to develop smoothly this year, people's living standards will be improved, the society will keep its stability and China's external economic exchanges will further develop.
此次對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)和中國國際貿(mào)易學(xué)會主辦的;中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇;， 為增進(jìn)中歐了解、促進(jìn)中歐經(jīng)貿(mào)合作、研究解決中歐經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系中出現(xiàn)的問題，提供了交流和溝通的平臺，很有意義。在此，我預(yù)祝中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇取得圓滿成功。
The Sino-European Economic Forum jointly hosted by the University of International Business and Economics and the China Association of International Trade provides a platform of communication to help increase the mutual understanding, economic and trade links, study and resolve the problems in our economic and trade relations. So it is of great significance. Hereby, I'd like to wish this Sino-EU Economic Forum a complete success.
謝謝大家！
Thank you!
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