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中華人民共和國教育法
Education Law of the People's Republic of China
第一章 總則
CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS
第一條 為了發(fā)展教育事業(yè)，提高全民族的素質(zhì)，促進社會主義物質(zhì)文明和精神文明建設(shè)，根據(jù)憲法，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution with a view to developing the cause of education, enhancing the quality of the entire nation and promoting the socialist material as well as cultural and ethical progress.
第二條 在中華人民共和國境內(nèi)的各級各類教育，適用本法。
Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to education of all types and at all levels offered within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
第三條 國家堅持以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想和建設(shè)有中國特色社會主義理論為指導(dǎo)，遵循憲法確定的基本原則，發(fā)展社會主義的教育事業(yè)。
Article 3 In developing the cause of socialist education, the State adheres to taking Marxism, Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics as its guidelines and follows the basic principles defined in the Constitution.
第四條 教育是社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)，國家保障教育事業(yè)優(yōu)先發(fā)展。
Article 4 Education is the basis of the socialist modernization drive, and the State ensures priority to the development of educational undertakings.
全社會應(yīng)當關(guān)心和支持教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展。
The entire society should show concern for and give support to the development of educational undertakings.
全社會應(yīng)當尊重教師。
The entire society should respect teachers.
第五條 教育必須為社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)服務(wù)，必須與生產(chǎn)勞動相結(jié)合，培養(yǎng)德、智、體等方面全面發(fā)展的社會主義事業(yè)的建設(shè)者和接班人。
Article 5 Education must serve the socialist modernization drive and must be combined with production and physical labour in order to train for the socialist cause builders and successors who are developed in an all-round way-morally, intellectually and physically.
第六條 國家在受教育者中進行愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義的教育，進行理想、道德、紀律、法制、國防和民族團結(jié)的教育。
Article 6 The State conducts education among educatees in patriotism, collectivism, socialism as well as in the importance of ideals, ethics, discipline, the legal system, national defense and national unity.
第七條 教育應(yīng)當繼承和弘揚中華民族優(yōu)秀的歷史文化傳統(tǒng)，吸收人類文明發(fā)展的一切優(yōu)秀成果。
Article 7 In education the brilliant historic and cultural tradition of the Chinese nation shall be inherited and carried forward and all other excellent achievements of human civilization shall be absorbed.
第八條 教育活動必須符合國家和社會公共利益。
Article 8 Educational activities shall conform to the State and public interests.
國家實行教育與宗教相分離。任何組織和個人不得利用宗教進行妨礙國家教育制度的活動。
The State separates education from religion. No organization or individual may make use of religion to conduct activities that interfere with the educational system of the State.
第九條 中華人民共和國公民有受教育的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。
Article 9 Citizens of the People's Republic of China shall have the right and obligation to receive education.
公民不分民族、種族、性別、職業(yè)、財產(chǎn)狀況、宗教信仰等，依法享有平等的受教育機會。
All citizens, regardless of ethnic group, race, sex, occupation, property status or religious belief, shall enjoy equal opportunities for education according to law.
第十條 國家根據(jù)各少數(shù)民族的特點和需要，幫助各少數(shù)民族地區(qū)發(fā)展教育事業(yè)。
Article 10 The State, in light of the characteristics and needs of the different minority ethnic groups, provides assistance to the development of educational undertakings in regions inhabited by the minority ethnic groups.
國家扶持邊遠貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展教育事業(yè)。
The State supports and assists the development of educational undertakings in the outlying and poverty-stricken areas.
國家扶持和發(fā)展殘疾人教育事業(yè)。
The State supports and develops educational undertakings for the disabled.
第十一條 國家適應(yīng)社會主義市場經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會進步的需要，推進教育改革，促進各級各類教育協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，建立和完善終身教育體系。
Article 11 To meet the needs of developing a socialist market economy and promoting social progress, the State carries forward educational reform, fosters a coordinated development of education at various levels and of various types, and establishes and improves a system of life-long education.
國家支持、鼓勵和組織教育科學研究，推廣教育科學研究成果，促進教育質(zhì)量提高。
The State supports, encourages and organizes scientific research in education, disseminate the results of scientific research in education so as to enhance the quality of education.
第十二條 漢語言文字為學校及其他教育機構(gòu)的基本教學語言文字。少數(shù)民族學生為主的學校及其他教育機構(gòu)，可以使用本民族或者當?shù)孛褡逋ㄓ玫恼Z言文字進行教學。
Article 12 The spoken and written Chinese language shall be the basic spoken and written language in teaching in schools and other institutions of education. In schools and other institutions of education in which students of a minority ethnic group constitute the majority, the spoken and written language used by the specific ethnic group or commonly used by the local ethnic groups may be used for instruction.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)進行教學，應(yīng)當推廣使用全國通用的普通話和規(guī)范字。
Putonghua (common speech based on Beijing pronunciation) and the standar-dized characters designed for use throughout the country shall be widely used in instruction in schools and other institutions of education.
第十三條 國家對發(fā)展教育事業(yè)做出突出貢獻的組織和個人，給予獎勵。
Article 13 The State awards units or individuals that have made outstanding achievements in the development of education.
第十四條 國務(wù)院和地方各級人民政府根據(jù)分級管理、分工負責的原則，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和管理教育工作。
Article 14 The State Council and the local people's governments at various levels shall guide and administer educational work under the principles of admini-stration by different levels and of a division of responsibilities.
中等及中等以下教育在國務(wù)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，由地方人民政府管理。
Secondary education and education at lower levels shall be administered by the local people's governments under the guidance of the State Council.
高等教育由國務(wù)院和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府管理。
Higher education shall be administered by the State Council, and/or the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government.
第十五條 國務(wù)院教育行政部門主管全國教育工作，統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、協(xié)調(diào)管理全國的教育事業(yè)。
Article 15 The administrative department of education under the State Council shall be in charge of the nationwide educational work, and undertake overall planning, coordination and management of the educational undertakings throughout the country.
縣級以上地方各級人民政府教育行政部門主管本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)的教育工作。
The administrative departments of education under the people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the educational work in their respective administrative regions.
縣級以上各級人民政府其他有關(guān)部門在各自的職責范圍內(nèi)，負責有關(guān)的教育工作。
Other departments concerned under the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the related educational work within the scope of their functions and duties.
第十六條 國務(wù)院和縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當向本級人民代表大會或者其常務(wù)委員會報告教育工作和教育經(jīng)費預(yù)算、決算情況，接受監(jiān)督。
Article 16 The State Council and the local people's governments at or above the county level shall report to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels or their standing committees on the work of education and on the budgets and final accounts of the operating expenses for education, which shall be subject to supervision.
第二章 教育基本制度
CHAPTER II BASIC SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
第十七條 國家實行學前教育、初等教育、中等教育、高等教育的學校教育制度。
Article 17 The State applies a school education system embracing pre- school education, primary education, secondary education and higher education.
國家建立科學的學制系統(tǒng)。學制系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的學校和其他教育機構(gòu)的設(shè)置、教育形式、修業(yè)年限、招生對象、培養(yǎng)目標等，由國務(wù)院或者由國務(wù)院授權(quán)教育行政部門規(guī)定。
The State establishes a scientific schooling system. The establishment, forms of instruction, length of schooling, enrollment targets, objectives of training, etc. of schools and other institutions of education governed by the schooling system shall be prescribed by the State Council or the administrative department of education empowered by the State Council.
第十八條 國家實行九年制義務(wù)教育制度。
Article 18 The State applies a system of nine-year compulsory education.
各級人民政府采取各種措施保障適齡兒童、少年就學。
People's governments at all levels shall take various measures to guarantee school-age children and adolescents access to education.
適齡兒童、少年的父母或者其他監(jiān)護人以及有關(guān)社會組織和個人有義務(wù)使適齡兒童、少年接受并完成規(guī)定年限的義務(wù)教育。
Parents or other guardians of school-age children and adolescents as well as social organizations and individuals concerned shall have the obligation to ensure that school-age children and adolescents receive and complete compulsory education for the prescribed number of years.
第十九條 國家實行職業(yè)教育制度和成人教育制度。
Article 19 The State applies a system of vocational education and a system of adult education.
各級人民政府、有關(guān)行政部門以及企業(yè)事業(yè)組織應(yīng)當采取措施，發(fā)展并保障公民接受職業(yè)學校教育或者各種形式的職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。
People's governments at various levels, the administrative departments concer-ned and enterprises and institutions shall adopt measures to develop educational programs and guarantee that citizens receive education in vocational schools or different types of vocational training.
國家鼓勵發(fā)展多種形式的成人教育，使公民接受適當形式的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、科學、技術(shù)、業(yè)務(wù)教育和終身教育。
The State encourages the development of varied forms of adult education so that citizens may receive appropriate education in politics, economics, culture, science and technology and professional or life-long education.
第二十條 國家實行國家教育考試制度。
Article 20 The State applies a national education examination system.
國家教育考試由國務(wù)院教育行政部門確定種類，并由國家批準的實施教育考試的機構(gòu)承辦。
The administrative department of education under the State Council shall determine the types of national education examination which shall be undertaken by the institutions that conduct such education examination as approved by the State.
第二十一條 國家實行學業(yè)證書制度。
Article 21 The State applies a system of education certificates.
經(jīng)國家批準設(shè)立或者認可的學校及其他教育機構(gòu)按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，頒發(fā)學歷證書或者其他學業(yè)證書。
Schools and other institutions of education established with the approval of or recognized by the State shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, grant educational qualification certificates or other education certificates.
第二十二條 國家實行學位制度。
Article 22 The State applies a system of academic degree.
學位授予單位依法對達到一定學術(shù)水平或者專業(yè)技術(shù)水平的人員授予相應(yīng)的學位，頒發(fā)學位證書。
Institutions entitled to grant academic degrees shall grant to persons who have attained the required academic or professional or technical level corresponding academic degrees and issue to them degree certificates in accordance with law.
第二十三條 各級人民政府、基層群眾性自治組織和企業(yè)事業(yè)組織應(yīng)當采取各種措施，開展掃除文盲的教育工作。
Article 23 People's governments at various levels, grass-roots autonomous organizations of a mass character and enterprises and institutions shall take all kinds of measures to carry out literacy education program.
按照國家規(guī)定具有接受掃除文盲教育能力的公民，應(yīng)當接受掃除文盲的教育。
Citizens capable of receiving literacy education according to relevant regulations of the State shall receive literacy education.
第二十四條 國家實行教育督導(dǎo)制度和學校及其他教育機構(gòu)教育評估制度。
Article 24 The State applies an educational supervision system and an educational evaluation system for schools and other institutions of education.
第三章 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)
CHAPTER III SCHOOLS AND OTHER INSTITUTIONS OF EDUCATION
第二十五條 國家制定教育發(fā)展規(guī)劃，并舉辦學校及其他教育機構(gòu)。
Article 25 The State formulates plans for the development of education and establishes and runs schools and other institutions of education.
國家鼓勵企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會團體、其他社會組織及公民個人依法舉辦學校及其他教育機構(gòu)。
The State encourages enterprises, institutions, public organizations and other social organizations, as well as individual citizens to establish and run schools or other institutions of education in accordance with law.
任何組織和個人不得以營利為目的舉辦學校及其他教育機構(gòu)。
No organization or individual may establish or run a school or any other institution of education for profit-making purposes.
第二十六條 設(shè)立學校及其他教育機構(gòu)，必須具備下列基本條件：
Article 26 For the establishment of a school or any other institution of education, the following basic conditions shall be fulfilled:
（一）有組織機構(gòu)和章程；
(1) having an organizational structure and rules and regulations;
�。ǘ┯泻细竦慕處�；
(2) having qualified teachers;
（三）有符合規(guī)定標準的教學場所及設(shè)施、設(shè)備等；
(3) having teaching premises, facilities and equipment that are up to the required standards; and
�。ㄋ模┯斜貍涞霓k學資金和穩(wěn)定的經(jīng)費來源。
(4) having the necessary funds for running the school as well as a stable source of funding.
第二十七條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)的設(shè)立、變更和終止，應(yīng)當按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定辦理審核、批準、注冊或者備案手續(xù)。
Article 27 The establishment, modification or termination of a school or any other institution of education shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, go through the formalities of examination, verification, approval and registration or filing for the record.
第二十八條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)行使下列權(quán)利：
Article 28 Schools and other institutions of education shall exercise the following rights:
（一）按照章程自主管理；
(1) to administer school affairs independently in accordance with their rules and regulations;
（二）組織實施教育教學活動；
(2) to organize and conduct educational and teaching activities;
�。ㄈ┱惺諏W生或者其他受教育者；
(3) to enroll students or other educatees;
�。ㄋ模⿲κ芙逃哌M行學籍管理，實施獎勵或者處分；
(4) to manage school roll and grant awards to or take disciplinary measures against educatees;
（五）對受教育者頒發(fā)相應(yīng)的學業(yè)證書；
(5) to grant to educatees appropriate education certificates;
（六）聘任教師及其他職工，實施獎勵或者處分；
(6) to recruit teachers, other staff and workers and grant awards to or take disciplinary measures against them;
（七）管理、使用本單位的設(shè)施和經(jīng)費；
(7) to manage and use the facilities and financial resources of their own;
�。ò耍┚芙^任何組織和個人對教育教學活動的非法干涉；
(8) to brook no unlawful interference in their educational and teaching activities by any organization or individual; and
（九）法律、法規(guī)規(guī)定的其他權(quán)利。
(9) other rights prescribed by laws and regulations.
國家保護學校及其他教育機構(gòu)的合法權(quán)益不受侵犯。
The State protects the lawful rights and interests of schools and other institutions of education from infringement.
第二十九條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)當履行下列義務(wù)：
Article 29 Schools and other institutions of education shall fulfil the following obligations:
�。ㄒ唬┳袷胤伞⒎ㄒ�(guī)；
(1) to observe laws and regulations;
�。ǘ┴瀼貒业慕逃结�，執(zhí)行國家教育教學標準，保證教育教學質(zhì)量；
(2) to implement the State's educational policies, apply the standards set by the State for education and teaching and guarantee the quality of education and teaching;
（三）維護受教育者、教師及其他職工的合法權(quán)益；
(3) to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the educatees, teachers and other staff and workers;
�。ㄋ模┮赃m當方式為受教育者及其監(jiān)護人了解受教育者的學業(yè)成績及其他有關(guān)情況提供便利；
(4) to provide convenience in appropriate ways for educatees and their guardians to have access to the educatees' academic performance and other relevant information;
�。ㄎ澹┳裾諊矣嘘P(guān)規(guī)定收取費用并公開收費項目；
(5) to collect fees according to the regulations of the State and publicize the individual items of such fees; and
（六）依法接受監(jiān)督。
(6) to be subjected to supervision according to law.
第三十條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)的舉辦者按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，確定其所舉辦的學�；蛘咂渌逃龣C構(gòu)的管理體制。
Article 30 Organizations or individuals that establish and run schools or other institutions of education may, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, determine the management system for the schools or other institutions of education that they establish and run.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)的校長或者主要行政負責人必須由具有中華人民共和國國籍、在中國境內(nèi)定居、并具備國家規(guī)定任職條件的公民擔任，其任免按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定辦理。學校的教學及其他行政管理，由校長負責。
The president or the leading administrator of a school or any other institution of education shall be a citizen of the nationality of the People's Republic of China, who has settled down within the territory of China and meets the qualifications for the post prescribed by the State, and he or she shall be appointed or removed in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State. The president of a school shall be in charge of the school's teaching and administration.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)當按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，通過以教師為主體的教職工代表大會等組織形式，保障教職工參與民主管理和監(jiān)督。
Schools and other institutions of education shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State guarantee that teachers, staff members and workers participate in the democratic management and supervision through the congress of teachers, staff members and workers with teachers as its main body, or through other forms.
第三十一條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)具備法人條件的，自批準設(shè)立或者登記注冊之日起取得法人資格。
Article 31 A school or any other institution of education that meets the requirements for a legal person shall acquire the status of a legal person from the date on which its establishment is approved or it is registered.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)在民事活動中依法享有民事權(quán)利，承擔民事責任。
A school or any other institution of education shall, in civil activities, enjoy civil rights and bear civil liabilities according to law.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)中的國有資產(chǎn)屬于國家所有。
The State assets in a school or any other institution of education shall be owned by the State.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)興辦的校辦產(chǎn)業(yè)獨立承擔民事責任。
Factories run by schools or other institutions of education shall bear civil liabilities independently.
第四章 教師和其他教育工作者
CHAPTER IV TEACHERS AND OTHER EDUCATORS
第三十二條教師享有法律規(guī)定的權(quán)利，履行法律規(guī)定的義務(wù)，忠誠于人民的教育事業(yè)。
Article 32 Teachers shall enjoy the rights prescribed by law, fulfil the obligations prescribed by law and devote themselves to the people's cause of education.
第三十三條 國家保護教師的合法權(quán)益，改善教師的工作條件和生活條件，提高教師的社會地位。
Article 33 The State protects the lawful rights and interests of teachers, improves their working and living conditions and enhances their social status.
教師的工資報酬、福利待遇，依照法律、法規(guī)的規(guī)定辦理。
Salaries and welfare benefits for teachers shall be handled according to the provisions of laws and regulations.
第三十四條 國家實行教師資格、職務(wù)、聘任制度，通過考核、獎勵、培養(yǎng)和培訓(xùn)，提高教師素質(zhì)，加強教師隊伍建設(shè)。
Article 34 The State applies a system of qualifications, posts and appoint-ment for teachers, enhances the quality of teachers and build a strong contingent of teachers by means of examination, awards and training.
第三十五條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)中的管理人員，實行教育職員制度。
Article 35 A system of educational administrators shall be applied for administrative personnel of schools and other institutions of education.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)中的教學輔助人員和其他專業(yè)技術(shù)人員，實行專業(yè)技術(shù)職務(wù)聘任制度。
A system of appointment for professional or technical post shall be applied for auxiliary teaching staff and other professional or technical personnel in schools and other institutions of education.
第三十六條 受教育者在入學、升學、就業(yè)等方面依法享有平等權(quán)利。
Article 36 Educatees shall according to law enjoy equal rights in enrollment, admission to schools of a higher level, employment, etc.
學校和有關(guān)行政部門應(yīng)當按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，保障女子在入學、升學、就業(yè)、授予學位、派出留學等方面享有同男子平等的權(quán)利。
Schools and administrative departments concerned shall, in accordance with relevant regulations of the State, ensure that females enjoy equal rights with males in enrollment, admission to schools of a higher level, employment, conferment of academic degrees, dispatch for study abroad, etc.
第三十七條 國家、社會對符合入學條件、家庭經(jīng)濟困難的兒童、少年、青年，提供各種形式的資助。
Article 37 The State and society provide financial assistance of various forms to children, adolescents and youths who meet the conditions for school admission but whose families have financial difficulties.
第三十八條 國家、社會、學校及其他教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)當根據(jù)殘疾人身心特性和需要實施教育，并為其提供幫助和便利。
Article 38 The State, society, schools and other institutions of education shall carry out education for the disabled in light of their physical and mental conditions and needs and provide them with assistance and convenience.
第三十九條 國家、社會、家庭、學校及其他教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)當為有違法犯罪行為的未成年人接受教育創(chuàng)造條件。
Article 39 The State, society, families, schools and other institutions of education shall create conditions for adolescent delinquents to receive education.
第四十條 從業(yè)人員有依法接受職業(yè)培訓(xùn)和繼續(xù)教育的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。
Article 40 Employees shall have the right and obligation to receive voca-tional training and continuing education according to law.
國家機關(guān)、企業(yè)事業(yè)組織和其他社會組織，應(yīng)當為本單位職工的學習和培訓(xùn)提供條件和便利。
State organs, enterprises and institutions as well as other social organizations shall create conditions and provide convenience for their staff and workers to study and receive training.
第四十一條 國家鼓勵學校及其他教育機構(gòu)、社會組織采取措施，為公民接受終身教育創(chuàng)造條件。
Article 41 The State encourages schools and other institutions of education as well as social organizations to take measures to create conditions for citizens to receive life-long education.
第四十二條 受教育者享有下列權(quán)利：
Article 42 Educatees shall enjoy the following rights:
�。ㄒ唬﹨⒓咏逃虒W計劃安排的各種活動，使用教育教學設(shè)施、設(shè)備、圖書資料；
(1) to participate in various activities arranged according to educational or teaching programs and use educational or teaching facilities, equipment and books and materials;
�。ǘ┌凑諊矣嘘P(guān)規(guī)定獲得獎學金、貸學金、助學金；
(2) to receive scholarships, student loans or subsidies in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State;
（三）在學業(yè)成績和品行上獲得公正評價，完成規(guī)定的學業(yè)后獲得相應(yīng)的學業(yè)證書、學位證書；
(3) to receive a fair evaluation of his or her academic performance and moral character, and receive an education certificate or academic degree certificate, as appropriate, upon completion of the required programs;
�。ㄋ模⿲W校給予的處分不服向有關(guān)部門提出申訴，對學校、教師侵犯其人身權(quán)、財產(chǎn)權(quán)等合法權(quán)益，提出申訴或者依法提起訴訟；
(4) to lodge a complaint with the competent department if he or she refuses to accept punishment imposed by the school, and to lodge a complaint or bring a lawsuit, in accordance with law, against an infringement upon his or her right of the person or property or other lawful rights and interests by the school authorities or teachers; and
�。ㄎ澹┓�、法規(guī)規(guī)定的其他權(quán)利。
(5) other rights as stipulated by law or regulations.
第四十三條受教育者應(yīng)當履行下列義務(wù)：
Article 43 Educatees shall fulfil the following obligations:
�。ㄒ唬┳袷胤伞⒎ㄒ�(guī)；
(1) to observe law and regulations;
（二）遵守學生行為規(guī)范，尊敬師長，養(yǎng)成良好的思想品德和行為習慣；
(2) to observe norms of conduct for students, respect teachers and develop sound ideology, moral character and habits of conduct;
�。ㄈ┡W習，完成規(guī)定的學習任務(wù)；
(3) to work hard in their studies and complete the assigned tasks of study; and
�。ㄋ模┳袷厮趯W校或者其他教育機構(gòu)的管理制度。
(4) to adhere to the management system of the school or any other institution of education they attend.
第四十四條 教育、體育、衛(wèi)生行政部門和學校及其他教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)當完善體育、衛(wèi)生保健設(shè)施，保護學生的身心健康。
Article 44 Administrative departments of education, sports and public health, and schools or other institutions of education shall improve sports and health care facilities to ensure students good health both in body and in mind.
第四十五條 國家機關(guān)、軍隊、企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會團體及其他社會組織和個人，應(yīng)當依法為兒童、少年、青年學生的身心健康成長創(chuàng)造良好的社會環(huán)境。
Article 45 State organs, units of the army, enterprises, institutions, public organizations, other social organizations and individuals shall, in accordance with law, create a good social environment for children, adolescents and students so that they may grow up healthy both physically and mentally.
第四十六條 國家鼓勵企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會團體及其他社會組織同高等學校、中等職業(yè)學校在教學、科研、技術(shù)開發(fā)和推廣等方面進行多種形式的合作。
Article 46 The State encourages enterprises, institutions, public organiza-tions and other social organizations to cooperate in various forms with institutions of higher learning and secondary vocational schools in teaching, scientific research, and technological development and popularization.
企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會團體及其他社會組織和個人，可以通過適當形式，支持學校的建設(shè)，參與學校管理。
Enterprises, institutions, public organizations, other social organizations and individuals may, in appropriate ways, support the development of schools and participate in their management.
第四十七條 國家機關(guān)、軍隊、企業(yè)事業(yè)組織及其他社會組織應(yīng)當為學校組織的學生實習、社會實踐活動提供幫助和便利。
Article 47 State organs, units of the army, enterprises, institutions and other social organizations shall provide assistance and convenience for students' internships and social practices arranged by schools.
第四十八條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)在不影響正常教育教學活動的前提下，應(yīng)當積極參加當?shù)氐纳鐣婊顒印?nbsp
Article 48 Schools and other institutions of education shall take an active part in local public welfare activities, provided that this does not affect their normal educational and teaching activities.
第四十九條 未成年人的父母或者其他監(jiān)護人應(yīng)當為其未成年子女或者其他被監(jiān)護人受教育提供必要條件。
Article 49 Parents or other guardians of minors shall provide the necessary conditions for their minor children or other minors under their guardianship to receive education.
未成年人的父母或者其他監(jiān)護人應(yīng)當配合學校及其他教育機構(gòu)，對其未成年子女或者其他被監(jiān)護人進行教育。
Parents or other guardians of minors shall coordinate with schools or other institutions of education in educating their minor children or other minors under their guardianship.
學校、教師可以對學生家長提供家庭教育指導(dǎo)。
Schools and teachers may furnish parents of students with guidance for family education.
第五十條 圖書館、博物館、科技館、文化館、美術(shù)館、體育館( 場) 等社會公共文化體育設(shè)施，以及歷史文化古跡和革命紀念館( 地) ，應(yīng)當對教師、學生實行優(yōu)待，為受教育者接受教育提供便利。
Article 50 Libraries, museums, science and technology centers, cultural centers, art galleries, stadiums (gymnasiums) and other public cultural and sports facilities as well as places of historic and cultural interest and revolutionary memorial halls (sites) shall give preferential treatment to teachers and students and provide convenience for educatees to receive education.
廣播、電視臺（站）應(yīng)當開設(shè)教育節(jié)目，促進受教育者思想品德、文化和科學技術(shù)素質(zhì)的提高。
Radio and television stations (centers) shall offer educational programs designed to help enhance the ideology and moral character and cultural, scientific and technological qualities of educatees.
第五十一條 國家、社會建立和發(fā)展對未成年人進行校外教育的設(shè)施。
Article 51 The State and society shall establish and develop educational facilities for minors to receive after-school education.
學校及其他教育機構(gòu)應(yīng)當同基層群眾性自治組織、企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會團體相互配合，加強對未成年人的校外教育工作。
Schools and other institutions of education shall coordinate with grassroots autonomous organizations of a mass character, enterprises, institutions and public organizations to strengthen after-school education for minors.
第五十二條 國家鼓勵社會團體、社會文化機構(gòu)及其他社會組織和個人開展有益于受教育者身心健康的社會文化教育活動。
Article 52 The State encourages public organizations, social and cultural institutions, other social organizations and individuals to offer social, cultural and educational activities that are conducive to the sound development in body and mind of educatees.
第七章 教育投入與條件保障
CHAPTER VII EDUCATIONAL INPUT AND GUARANTEE OF CONDITIONS
第五十三條 國家建立以財政撥款為主、其他多種渠道籌措教育經(jīng)費為輔的體制，逐步增加對教育的投入，保證國家舉辦的學校教育經(jīng)費的穩(wěn)定來源。
Article 53 The State practises a system wherein government appropriations constitute the main body of the educational appropriations, supplemented by funds raised from a variety of other sources, and the State gradually increases its educational input so as to ensure a stable source of educational appropriations for State-run schools.
企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會團體及其他社會組織和個人依法舉辦的學校及其他教育機構(gòu)，辦學經(jīng)費由舉辦者負責籌措，各級人民政府可以給予適當支持。
With respect to schools and other institutions of education established and run by enterprises, institutions, public organizations, other social organizations or individuals, their operating expenses shall be raised by the respective sponsors; the people's governments at various levels may provide them with appropriate support.
第五十四條 國家財政性教育經(jīng)費支出占國民生產(chǎn)總值的比例應(yīng)當隨著國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和財政收入的增長逐步提高。具體比例和實施步驟由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。
Article 54 The proportion of educational appropriations in gross national product allocated by the State shall gradually rise, as the national economy develops and the financial revenue increases. The specific proportion and measures for its implementation shall be prescribed by the State Council.
全國各級財政支出總額中教育經(jīng)費所占比例應(yīng)當隨著國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展逐步提高。
The proportion of educational appropriations allocated by governments at various levels shall gradually rise along with the development of the national economy.
第五十五條 各級人民政府的教育經(jīng)費支出，按照事權(quán)和財權(quán)相統(tǒng)一的原則，在財政預(yù)算中單獨列項。
Article 55 The educational appropriations of the people's governments at various levels shall be listed separately in their fiscal budgets in accordance with the principle of their unified authority over the administrative affairs and the financial affairs.
各級人民政府教育財政撥款的增長應(yīng)當高于財政經(jīng)常性收入的增長，并使按在校學生人數(shù)平均的教育費用逐步增長，保證教師工資和學生人均公用經(jīng)費逐步增長。
The people's governments at various levels shall see to it that their appropriations for education shall increase at a faster rate than their regular revenues, that the average expenditure on per enrolled student shall increase steadily and that the teachers' salaries and the average public expenditure per student shall increase steadily.
第五十六條 國務(wù)院及縣級以上地方各級人民政府應(yīng)當設(shè)立教育專項資金，重點扶持邊遠貧困地區(qū)、少數(shù)民族地區(qū)實施義務(wù)教育。
Article 56 The State Council and the people's governments at or above the county level shall set up a special fund for education to be used mainly for assisting outlying and poverty-stricken areas and areas inhabited by minority ethnic groups in enforcing compulsory education there.
第五十七條 稅務(wù)機關(guān)依法足額征收教育費附加，由教育行政部門統(tǒng)籌管理，主要用于實施義務(wù)教育。
Article 57 Taxation authorities shall collect in full the extra charges of education funds, all of which shall be controlled by the administrative departments of education and used mainly for the enforcement of compulsory education.
省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府根據(jù)國務(wù)院的有關(guān)規(guī)定，可以決定開征用于教育的地方附加費，�？顚Ｓ谩�
Pursuant to the relevant regulations of the State Council, the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may decide to levy local extra charges for educational purpose, which shall be used exclusively for education.
農(nóng)村鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌中的教育費附加，由鄉(xiāng)人民政府組織收取，由縣級人民政府教育行政部門代為管理或者由鄉(xiāng)人民政府管理，用于本鄉(xiāng)范圍內(nèi)鄉(xiāng)、村兩級教育事業(yè)。農(nóng)村教育費附加在鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌中所占具體比例和具體管理辦法，由省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府規(guī)定。
The people's governments at the township level shall make arrangements for the collection of the extra charges of education funds incorporated in the overall planning of rural townships, which shall be administered by the administrative departments of education at the county level on behalf of the rural townships or by the people's governments of townships and shall be used for educational undertakings at the township and village levels of their respective townships. The specific proportion of the extra charges of education funds incorporated in the overall planning of rural townships and the specific measures for the administration thereof shall be prescribed by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government.
第五十八條 國家采取優(yōu)惠措施，鼓勵和扶持學校在不影響正常教育教學的前提下開展勤工儉學和社會服務(wù)，興辦校辦產(chǎn)業(yè)。
Article 58 The State adopts preferential measures to encourage and help schools to launch work-study programs, to provide services for the community and to set up schools factories, on condition that this shall not affect the normal education and teaching.
第五十九條 經(jīng)縣級人民政府批準，鄉(xiāng)、民族鄉(xiāng)、鎮(zhèn)的人民政府根據(jù)自愿、量力的原則，可以在本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)集資辦學，用于實施義務(wù)教育學校的危房改造和修繕、新建校舍，不得挪作他用。
Article 59 With the approval of the people's governments at the county level, people's governments of townships, nationality townships or towns may, on the basis of voluntariness and according to their own capability, raise funds in their own administrative areas for education. Funds thus raised shall be used for renovation and repairs of dilapidated buildings and construction of new buildings for schools providing compulsory education; such funds shall not be diverted to any other purposes.
第六十條 國家鼓勵境內(nèi)、境外社會組織和個人捐資助學。
Article 60 The State encourages social organizations and individuals both at home and abroad to donate money for education in China.
第六十一條 國家財政性教育經(jīng)費、社會組織和個人對教育的捐贈，必須用于教育，不得挪用、克扣。
Article 61 Educational appropriations from the State and contributions and donations offered by social organizations or individuals for education shall be used for education; they shall not be diverted to any other purposes or withheld.
第六十二條 國家鼓勵運用金融、信貸手段，支持教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展。
Article 62 The State encourages the use of loans and other financial means to support the development of educational undertakings.
第六十三條 各級人民政府及其教育行政部門應(yīng)當加強對學校及其他教育機構(gòu)教育經(jīng)費的監(jiān)督管理，提高教育投資效益。
Article 63 People's governments at various levels and their administrative departments of education shall strengthen supervision and control over educational appropriations for schools and other institutions of education in order to achieve better results of investment in education.
第六十四條 地方各級人民政府及其有關(guān)行政部門必須把學校的基本建設(shè)納入城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)規(guī)劃，統(tǒng)籌安排學校的基本建設(shè)用地及所需物資，按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定實行優(yōu)先、優(yōu)惠政策。
Article 64 Local people's governments at various levels and their relevant administrative departments shall incorporate capital construction for schools into rural and urban construction plans, make overall arrangements for the land and materials needed for capital construction for schools, and give priority to and adopt preferential policies towards such capital construction in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State.
第六十五條 各級人民政府對教科書及教學用圖書資料的出版發(fā)行，對教學儀器、設(shè)備的生產(chǎn)和供應(yīng)，對用于學校教育教學和科學研究的圖書資料、教學儀器、設(shè)備的進口，按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定實行優(yōu)先、優(yōu)惠政策。
Article 65 People's governments at various levels shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, give priority and adopt preferential policies with regard to the publication and distribution of textbooks and other printed materials for teaching and learning purposes, the production and supply of teaching and learning instruments and equipment, and the importation of books and other printed materials, teaching and learning instruments and equipment for education and scientific research.
第六十六條 縣級以上人民政府應(yīng)當發(fā)展衛(wèi)星電視教育和其他現(xiàn)代化教學手段，有關(guān)行政部門應(yīng)當優(yōu)先安排，給予扶持。
Article 66 People's governments at or above the county level shall develop satellite television education and other modern means for teaching and learning, and the administrative departments concerned shall give such development priority and support.
國家鼓勵學校及其他教育機構(gòu)推廣運用現(xiàn)代化教學手段。
The State encourages the wide use of modern means in teaching and learning by schools and other institutions of education.
第八章 教育對外交流與合作
CHAPTER VIII FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND COOPERATION IN EDUCATION
第六十七條 國家鼓勵開展教育對外交流與合作。
Article 67 The State encourages foreign exchange and cooperation in education.
教育對外交流與合作堅持獨立自主、平等互利、相互尊重的原則，不得違反中國法律，不得損害國家主權(quán)、安全和社會公共利益。
In conducting foreign exchange and co-operation in education, the principles of independence, equality, mutual benefit and mutual respect shall be adhered to, the laws of the People's Republic of China shall not be violated, and the State sovereignty and security and public interests shall not be harmed.
第六十八條 中國境內(nèi)公民出國留學、研究、進行學術(shù)交流或者任教，依照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定辦理。
Article 68 To go abroad for study, research, academic exchange or teaching purposes by Chinese citizens within the territory of China shall be handled according to the relevant regulations of the State.
第六十九條 中國境外個人符合國家規(guī)定的條件并辦理有關(guān)手續(xù)后，可以進入中國境內(nèi)學校及其他教育機構(gòu)學習、研究、進行學術(shù)交流或者任教，其合法權(quán)益受國家保護。
Article 69 Individuals outside the territory of China, who meet the requirements of the State and complete the relevant formalities, may enter China to study, do research, engage in academic exchange or teach in schools or other institutions of education. Their lawful rights and interests shall be protected by the State.
第七十條 中國對境外教育機構(gòu)頒發(fā)的學位證書、學歷證書及其他學業(yè)證書的承認，依照中華人民共和國締結(jié)或者加入的國際條約辦理，或者按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定辦理。
Article 70 Recognition of the academic degree certificates, educational qualification certificates and other types of education certificates issued by institutions of education outside the territory of China shall be governed by the international treaties to which China is a signatory party or has acceded, or by the relevant regulations of the State.
第七十一條 違反國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，不按照預(yù)算核撥教育經(jīng)費的，由同級人民政府限期核撥；情節(jié)嚴重的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
Article 71 Where, in violation of the relevant regulations of the State, educational appropriations are not examined and allocated as specified in the budget, the people's government at the corresponding level shall set a time limit for such examination and allocation; if the cases is serious, leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.
違反國家財政制度、財務(wù)制度，挪用、克扣教育經(jīng)費的，由上級機關(guān)責令限期歸還被挪用、克扣的經(jīng)費，并對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Where, in violation of the State's fiscal system or financial system, educational appropriations are diverted to other purposes or withheld, the organ at a higher level shall order the return, within a time limit, of the part of the appropriations that is diverted to other purposes or withheld and shall impose, in accordance with law, administrative sanctions on the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it; if the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
第七十二條 結(jié)伙斗毆、尋釁滋事，擾亂學校及其他教育機構(gòu)教育教學秩序或者破壞校舍、場地及其他財產(chǎn)的，由公安機關(guān)給予治安管理處罰；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 72 If anyone engages in gang-fighting or stirs up quarrels, thus disrupting educational or teaching order of schools or other institutions of education, or destroys school buildings, sites or other property, he shall be given administrative penalties for public security by public security organs; if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
侵占學校及其他教育機構(gòu)的校舍、場地及其他財產(chǎn)的，依法承擔民事責任。
If anyone illegally occupies school buildings, sites or other property, he shall bear civil liabilities according to law.
第七十三條 明知校舍或者教育教學設(shè)施有危險，而不采取措施，造成人員傷亡或者重大財產(chǎn)損失的，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 73 If anyone knowingly fails to take measures with regard to the school buildings or educational or teaching facilities that are dangerous, thus causing human casualties or heavy losses of property, the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
第七十四條 違反國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，向?qū)W校或者其他教育機構(gòu)收取費用的，由政府責令退還所收費用；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
Article 74 If anyone, in violation of the relevant regulations of the State, collects fees from a school or any other institution of education, he shall be ordered by the government concerned to return the fees thus collected; the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.
第七十五條 違反國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，舉辦學�；蛘咂渌逃龣C構(gòu)的，由教育行政部門予以撤銷；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
Article 75 If anyone, in violation of the relevant regulations of the State, establishes schools or other institutions of education, such schools or institutions shall be dissolved by the administrative department of education; the unlawful gains, if any, shall be confiscated; the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.
第七十六條 違反國家有關(guān)規(guī)定招收學員的，由教育行政部門責令退回招收的學員，退還所收費用；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
Article 76 If anyone, in violation of the relevant regulations of the State, enrolls students or other trainees, he shall be ordered by the administrative department of education to send back such students or trainees and to return the fees thus collected; the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.
第七十七條 在招收學生工作中徇私舞弊的，由教育行政部門責令退回招收的人員；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分；構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任。
Article 77 If anyone practises favoritism or other irregularities in enrolling students or other trainees, he shall be ordered by the relevant administrative department of education to dismiss the students or trainees; the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law; if the case constitutes a crime, the offender shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.
第七十八條 學校及其他教育機構(gòu)違反國家有關(guān)規(guī)定向受教育者收取費用的，由教育行政部門責令退還所收費用；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
Article 78 Where schools or other institutions of education, in violation of the relevant regulations of the State, collect fees from educatees, such schools or institutions shall be ordered by the relevant administrative department of education to return the fees thus collected; the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.
第七十九條 在國家教育考試中作弊的，由教育行政部門宣布考試無效，對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
Article 79 If cheating on a national education examination is found, the relevant administrative department of education shall nullify the examination, and shall, in accordance with law, impose administrative sanctions on the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it.
非法舉辦國家教育考試的，由教育行政部門宣布考試無效；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得；對直接負責的主管人員和其他直接責任人員，依法給予行政處分。
A national education examination that is held illegally shall be nullified by the relevant administrative department of education; the unlawful gains, if any, shall be confiscated; the leading persons directly in charge and other persons directly responsible for it shall be given administrative sanctions according to law.
第八十條 違反本法規(guī)定，頒發(fā)學位證書、學歷證書或者其他學業(yè)證書的，由教育行政部門宣布證書無效，責令收回或者予以沒收；有違法所得的，沒收違法所得；情節(jié)嚴重的，取消其頒發(fā)證書的資格。
Article 80 The relevant administrative department of education shall nullify the academic degree certificates, educational qualification certificates or other education certificates that are issued in violation of the provisions of this Law, and shall order their return or confiscation; the unlawful gains, if any, shall be confiscated; if the case is serious, the institution concerned shall be disqualified for conferring the certificates.
第八十一條 違反本法規(guī)定，侵犯教師、受教育者、學�；蛘咂渌逃龣C構(gòu)的合法權(quán)益，造成損失、損害的，應(yīng)當依法承擔民事責任。
Article 81 If anyone, in violation of the provisions of this Law, infringes upon the lawful rights and interests of teachers, educatees or schools or other institutions of education, thus causing losses or damage, he shall bear civil liabilities according to law.
第十章 附則
CHAPTER X SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
第八十二條 軍事學校教育由中央軍事委員會根據(jù)本法的原則規(guī)定。
Article 82 Regulations on education in military schools shall be formulated by the Central Military Commission in accordance with the principles of this Law.
宗教學校教育由國務(wù)院另行規(guī)定。
Regulations on education in religious schools shall be formulated by the State Council separately.
第八十三條 境外的組織和個人在中國境內(nèi)辦學和合作辦學的辦法，由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。
Article 83 Measures governing the establishment of schools within the territory of China by organizations or individuals outside China or through their cooperation with organizations or individuals inside China shall be formulated by the State Council.
第八十四條 本法自１９９５年９月１日起施行。
Article 84 This law shall go into effect as of September 1, 1995.
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