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中華人民共和國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步法
Law of the People's Republic of China on Science and Technology Progress
1993年7月2日第八屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第二次會(huì)議通過,1993年10月1日起施行
adopted at the Second Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on July 2,1993, is hereby promulgated and shall enter into force as of October 1,1993.
第一章 總則
Chapter I General Provisions
第一條 為了促進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，在社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中優(yōu)先發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)，發(fā)揮科學(xué)技術(shù)第一生產(chǎn)力的作用，推動(dòng)科學(xué)技術(shù)為經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)服務(wù)，根據(jù)憲法，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution with a view to promoting science and technology progress, assigning priority to the development of science and technology and bringing the role of science and technology as the primary productive force into full play in socialist modernization drive, so as to improve the service of science and technology to economic construction.
第二條 國(guó)家實(shí)行經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展依靠科學(xué)技術(shù)，科學(xué)技術(shù)工作面向經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的基本方針。
Article 2 The State practices a basic guideline of basing economic construction and social development on science and technology and orienting science and technology undertakings to economic construction and social development.
第三條 國(guó)家保障科學(xué)研究的自由，鼓勵(lì)科學(xué)探索和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，使科學(xué)技術(shù)達(dá)到世界先進(jìn)水平。
Article 3 The State shall protect the freedom of scientific research; encourage scientific exploration and technological innovation so as to raise its science and technology to an advanced level in the world.
國(guó)家和全社會(huì)尊重知識(shí)、尊重人才，尊重科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的創(chuàng)造性勞動(dòng)，保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)。
The State and the whole society shall respect knowledge, esteem talent, value the creative work of scientific and technological personnel, and protect intellectual property rights.
第四條 國(guó)家根據(jù)科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步和社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的需要，改革和完善科學(xué)技術(shù)體制，建立科學(xué)技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)有效結(jié)合的機(jī)制。
Article 4 The State shall, in compliance with the demands of scientific and technological progress and the socialist market economy, restructure and improve science and technology system, and establish a mechanism capable of effectively integrating science and technology with economy.
第五條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)科學(xué)研究和技術(shù)開發(fā)，推廣應(yīng)用科學(xué)技術(shù)成果，改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，發(fā)展高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，以及應(yīng)用科學(xué)技術(shù)為經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展服務(wù)的活動(dòng)。
Article 5 The State shall encourage scientific research and technology development, popularize and apply the achievements made in science and technology, transform traditional industries, develop high-tech industries, and enhance activities employing science and technology to serve economic construction and social development.
第六條 國(guó)家普及科學(xué)技術(shù)知識(shí)，提高全體公民的科學(xué)文化水平。
Article 6 The State shall disseminate scientific and technological knowledge to raise the scientific and cultural level of all the citizens.
國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)機(jī)關(guān)、企業(yè)事業(yè)組織、社會(huì)團(tuán)體和公民參與和支持科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步活動(dòng)。
The State shall encourage government, organs, enterprises, institutions, social organizations and citizens to participate in and support activities aimed at science and technology progress.
第七條 國(guó)務(wù)院制定科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃，確定科學(xué)技術(shù)和重大項(xiàng)目、與科學(xué)技術(shù)密切相關(guān)的重大項(xiàng)目，保障科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步與經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)。
Article 7 The State Council shall formulate science and technology development programmes, determine major science and technology projects and other major projects closely related to science and technology, and secure the coordination of science and technology progress with economic construction and social development.
制定科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃和重大政策，確定科學(xué)技術(shù)的重大項(xiàng)目、與科學(xué)技術(shù)密切相關(guān)的重大項(xiàng)目，應(yīng)當(dāng)充分聽取科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的意見，實(shí)行科學(xué)決策的原則。
Opinions from scientific and technological workers shall be fully solicited in the course of formulating science and technology development programmes and important policies and determining major science and technology projects and major projects closely related to science and technology, and a principle of scientific decision-making process shall be followed.
第八條 國(guó)務(wù)院科學(xué)技術(shù)行政部門，負(fù)責(zé)全國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)工作的宏觀管理和統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)。
Article 8 The administrative department in charge of science and technology under the State Council shall be responsible for the macroscopic management and overall coordination of the nationwide science and technology work.
國(guó)務(wù)院其他有關(guān)行政部門，依照國(guó)務(wù)院規(guī)定的職責(zé)范圍負(fù)責(zé)有關(guān)的科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步工作。
Other administrative departments concerned under the State Council shall be responsible for the relevant science and technology progress work within the scope of their functions and responsibilities as prescribed by the State Council.
地方各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取有效措施，推進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步。
Local people's governments at various levels shall adopt effective measures to promote science and technology progress.
國(guó)家?guī)椭贁?shù)民族地區(qū)、邊遠(yuǎn)貧困地區(qū)加速發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)事業(yè)。
The State shall render assistance to minority nationality regions and remote and poor areas to accelerate the development of science and technology thereof.
第九條 中華人民共和國(guó)政府積極發(fā)展同外國(guó)政府、國(guó)際組織之間的科學(xué)技術(shù)合作與交流，鼓勵(lì)研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)、高等院校、社會(huì)團(tuán)體和科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者與國(guó)外科學(xué)技術(shù)界建立多種形式的合作關(guān)系。
Article 9 The Government of the people's Republic of China shall actively promote science and technology cooperation and exchanges with foreign governments and international organizations, encourage research and development agencies, institutions of higher learning, social organizations and scientific and technical workers to establish cooperative relations of various forms with foreign science and technology circles.
第二章 科學(xué)技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展
Chapter Ⅱ Science and Technology in Economic Construction and Social Development
第十條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)研究開發(fā)新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品、新材料、新工藝，開展合理化建議、技術(shù)改進(jìn)和技術(shù)協(xié)作活動(dòng)，不斷提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。
Article 10 The State shall encourage research and development of new technologies, new products, new materials and new techniques, and promote activities of advancing rationalization proposals, and enhancing technological innovation and technical collaboration so as to steadily improve product quality, labour productivity and economic returns, and develop thereby social productive forces.
第十一條 國(guó)家選擇對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)具有重大意義的項(xiàng)目，組織科學(xué)研究和技術(shù)開發(fā)，加速科學(xué)技術(shù)成果在生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域中的推廣應(yīng)用。
Article 11 The State shall select projects of vital significance to economic construction and sponsor related scientific research and technological development so as to accelerate the popularization and application of scientific and technological achievements in the production.
第十二條 國(guó)家建立和發(fā)展技術(shù)市場(chǎng)，推動(dòng)科學(xué)技術(shù)成果的商品化。技術(shù)貿(mào)易活動(dòng)應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循自愿平等、互利有償和誠(chéng)實(shí)信用的原則。
Article 12 The State shall establish and develop technology market to promote the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, Technology trading activities shall be conducted in accordance with the principles of free will, equality, mutual benefit, transaction no gratis, honesty and credibility.
第十三條 國(guó)家依靠科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會(huì)發(fā)展，控制人口增長(zhǎng)，提高人口素質(zhì)，合理開發(fā)和利用資源，防御自然災(zāi)害，保護(hù)生活環(huán)境和生態(tài)環(huán)境。
Article 13 The State shall rely on scientific and technological progress to advance economic construction and social development, control population growth, enhance population quality, rationally develop and utilize resources, defense against natural calamities, and protect living conditions and ecological environment.
第十四條 國(guó)家依靠科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，振興農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)成果的推廣應(yīng)用，發(fā)展高產(chǎn)、優(yōu)質(zhì)、高效的現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè)。
Article 14 The State shall rely on scientific and technological progress to vitallze rural economy, promote the popularization and application of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and develop a modern agriculture of high yield, high quality, and high efficiency.
第十五條 縣級(jí)以上地方各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施，保障農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)和示范推廣機(jī)構(gòu)有權(quán)自主管理和使用試驗(yàn)基地和生產(chǎn)資料，進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)新品種、新技術(shù)的研究開發(fā)、試驗(yàn)和推廣。
Article 15 Local people's governments at or above the county level shall adopt measures to ensure that agricultural science and technology research and development organizations as well as demonstration and dissemination bodies shall have the right of independent management and use of their experimental bases and means of production in research, development, testing and popularization of new varieties and new technologies in agriculture.
農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)成果的應(yīng)用和推廣，依照有關(guān)法律的規(guī)定實(shí)行有償服務(wù)或者無償服務(wù)。
The application and popularization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements shall be a service gratis or no gratis in compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
第十六條 地方各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)鼓勵(lì)和支持農(nóng)村群眾性科學(xué)技術(shù)組織的發(fā)展，對(duì)種植業(yè)、林業(yè)、畜牧業(yè)、漁業(yè)等各業(yè)提供產(chǎn)前、產(chǎn)中、產(chǎn)后綜合配套的社會(huì)化科學(xué)技術(shù)服務(wù)。
Article 16 Local people's governments at various levels shall encourage and support the development of mass science and technology organizations in rural areas, and render socialized scientific and technical services to plantation, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery before, during and after their production in a comprehensive and systematic way.
第十七條 國(guó)家依靠科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，發(fā)展工業(yè)、交通運(yùn)輸、郵電通信、地質(zhì)勘查、建筑安裝和商業(yè)等行業(yè)，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。
Article 17 The State shall rely on scientific and technological progress to develop industry, communications and transportation, post and telecommunications, geological prospecting, construction and installation, commerce and other trades, so as to enhance their economic results and social benefit.
第十八條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)建立和完善技術(shù)開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)與研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)、高等院校聯(lián)合和協(xié)作，增強(qiáng)研究開發(fā)、中間試驗(yàn)和工業(yè)性試驗(yàn)?zāi)芰Α?br>
Article 18 The State shall encourage enterprises to establish and improve their technology development organizations, and also encourage them to join forces or cooperate with research and development institutes, and institutions of higher learning, with a view to increasing their capabilities in research and development, pilot trial, and industrial test.
第十九條 企業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)國(guó)際、國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的需求，進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造和設(shè)備更新，提高科學(xué)管理水平，吸收和開發(fā)新技術(shù)，增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。
Article 19 Enterprises shall, in response to the demands of international and domestic markets, carry out technological transformation and equipment renewal, upgrade their scientific management level and assimilate and develop new technology so as to strengthen their market competitiveness.
企業(yè)進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造和從國(guó)外引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)和設(shè)備，應(yīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)過咨詢論證，貫徹國(guó)家的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和技術(shù)政策。
Enterprises shall seek consultation and assessment services and implement industrial and technological transformation and importation and importation of advanced foreign technology and equipment.
企業(yè)采用新技術(shù)開發(fā)生產(chǎn)新產(chǎn)品的，可以依照國(guó)家的規(guī)定享受優(yōu)惠待遇。
Enterprises which apply new techniques to develop and produce new products may enjoy preferential treatment in accordance with the provisions of the State.
第二十條 國(guó)家依靠科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步，發(fā)展國(guó)防科學(xué)技術(shù)事業(yè)，促進(jìn)國(guó)防現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)國(guó)防實(shí)力。
Article 20 The State shall rely on scientific and technological progress to develop the national defense science and technology, speed up the modernization of national defense and strengthen the national defense capabilities.
第二十一條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)運(yùn)用先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)，促進(jìn)教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育等各項(xiàng)事業(yè)的發(fā)展。
Article 21 The State shall encourage the application of advanced science and technology to promote the development of education, culture, public health, sports and other undertakings.
第三章 高技術(shù)研究和高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)
Chapter Ⅲ High-tech Research and HightechIndustries
第二十二條 國(guó)家推進(jìn)高技術(shù)的研究，發(fā)揮高技術(shù)在科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步中的先導(dǎo)作用；扶持、促進(jìn)高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的形成和發(fā)展，運(yùn)用高技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，發(fā)揮高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中的作用。
Article 22 The State shall promote research on high technology and bring into play the leading role of high technology in scientific and technological progress; the State shall foster and promote the formation and development of high-tech industries, and apply high technology to transform traditional industries, and bring into play the role of the high-tech industries in economic construction.
第二十三條 國(guó)務(wù)院科學(xué)技術(shù)行政部門和其他有關(guān)行政部門，在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)組織科學(xué)技術(shù)力量實(shí)施高技術(shù)研究，推廣高技術(shù)研究成果。
Article 23 The administrative department in charge of science and technology under the State Council and other relevant administrative departments shall organize in the whole nation scientific and technological forces to carry out research on high technology and popularize the achievements thereof.
第二十四條 經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，選擇具備條件的地區(qū)建立高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)。
Article 24 High and new technology industrial development zones shall be established upon approval by the State Council in selected areas with appropriate conditions.
第二十五條 對(duì)在高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)外從事高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品開發(fā)、生產(chǎn)和企業(yè)和研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)，實(shí)行國(guó)家規(guī)定的優(yōu)惠政策，具體辦法由國(guó)務(wù)院規(guī)定。
Article 25 Preferential policies stipulated by the State shall be applied to the enterprises and the research and development institutions engaged in the development and production of high-tech products within and without the high and new technology industrial zones, and the specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.
第二十六條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)從事高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品開發(fā)、生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)的企業(yè)建立符合國(guó)際規(guī)范的管理制度，生產(chǎn)符合國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品，參與國(guó)際市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，推進(jìn)高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的國(guó)際化。
Article 26 The State shall encourage and guide the enterprises engaged in development, production and transaction of high-tech products to establish management systems in conformity with international norms, produce high-tech products up to international standards, and participate in global market competition so as to advance the internationalization of high-tech products up to international standards, and participate in global market competition so as to advance the internationalization of high-tech industries.
第四章 基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究
Chapter Ⅳ Basic Research and Applied Basic Research
第二十七條 國(guó)家保障基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)。
Article 27 The State shall ensure the continuous and steady development of basic research and applied basic research, and consolidate the foundation for scientific and technological progress.
基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究經(jīng)費(fèi)在研究開發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)總額中應(yīng)當(dāng)占有適當(dāng)比例。
Funds for basic research and applied basic research shall account for an appropriate proportion in the total funds for research and development.
第二十八條 國(guó)務(wù)院科學(xué)技術(shù)行政部門對(duì)學(xué)科前沿和經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展中的重大基礎(chǔ)性科學(xué)研究課題，應(yīng)當(dāng)有計(jì)劃地組織實(shí)施。
Article 28 The administrative department in charge of science and technology under the State Council shall organize in a planned manner the implementation of major basic scientific research programmes in the frontier disciplines and in economic and social development.
研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)、高等院校及其他企業(yè)事業(yè)組織和公民可以自主選擇課題，從事基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究。
Research and development entities, institutions of higher learning, other enterprises and institutions as well as citizens may select subjects on their own for basic research and applied basic research.
第二十九條 國(guó)家建立自然科學(xué)基金，按照專家評(píng)議、擇優(yōu)支持的原則，資助基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究。
Article 29 The State shall establish a Natural Science Fund to aid basic research and applied basic research in accordance with the principle of supporting only those with eligibility on the basis of appraisal and deliberation by experts.
國(guó)家支持優(yōu)秀青年的科學(xué)研究活動(dòng)，在自然科學(xué)基金中設(shè)立青年科學(xué)基金。
The State shall support scientific research activities conducted by outstanding youths, and establish a Science Fund for Youths within the Natural Science fund.
第三十條 國(guó)家支持重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的建設(shè)，建立基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究基地。
Article 30 The State shall support the buildup of key laboratories, and set up bases for basic research and applied basic research.
國(guó)家的重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室向國(guó)內(nèi)外開放。
The State level key laboratories are open to both domestic and foreign researchers.
第五章 研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)
Chapter Ⅴ Research and Development Institutions
第三十一條 國(guó)家根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的需要，統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃和指導(dǎo)科學(xué)技術(shù)研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)的布局，建立現(xiàn)代化的科學(xué)技術(shù)研究開發(fā)體系。
Article 31 The State shall, in accordance with the demands of economic construction and scientific and technological progress, provide an overall planning and guidance for the layout of scientific and technological research and development institutions, and establish a modernized scientific and technological research and development system.
第三十二條 國(guó)家對(duì)從事基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究、高技術(shù)研究、重大工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目研究、重大科學(xué)技術(shù)攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目研究、重點(diǎn)社會(huì)公益性科學(xué)技術(shù)研究的研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)和高等院校，在經(jīng)費(fèi)、實(shí)驗(yàn)手段等方面給予支持。
Article 32 The State shall give support, in such aspects as financial expenses and experimental means, to research and development institutions and institutions of higher learning engaged in basic research and applied basic research, high-tech research, projects for tackling major scientific and technological problems, and research on science and technology for key social and public welfare undertakings.
第三十三條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)從事技術(shù)開發(fā)的研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)單獨(dú)或者與企業(yè)事業(yè)組織聯(lián)合開發(fā)技術(shù)成果，實(shí)行技術(shù)、工業(yè)、貿(mào)易或者技術(shù)、農(nóng)業(yè)、貿(mào)易一體化經(jīng)營(yíng)。
Article 33 The State shall encourage and guide research and development institutions engaged in technology development to develop their technological achievements independently or in collaboration with other enterprises and institutions, and carry out an integrated management of technology, industry and trade, or of technology, agriculture and trade.
國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)科學(xué)技術(shù)咨詢、科學(xué)技術(shù)信息服務(wù)和社會(huì)公益性的研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)，逐步實(shí)行企業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)或者有償服務(wù)。
The State shall encourage and guide research and development institutions engaged in scientific and technical consultation, scientific and technical information services and social and public welfare undertakings to gradually carry out enterprise management or to provide services nongratis.
第三十四條 研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)行院長(zhǎng)或者所長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制。
Article 34 Research and development institutions shall practise a system whereby the president or director takes responsibility.
研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)依照國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)定享有研究開發(fā)、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)、經(jīng)費(fèi)使用、機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置、人員聘用等方面的自主權(quán)。
Research and development institutions shall, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the State, enjoy decision-making power in their conduct of research and development, production management, use of funds, institutional setup and personnel recruitment.
第三十五條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)力量自行創(chuàng)辦研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)，保障其合法權(quán)益不受侵犯。
Article 35 The State shall encourage various social forces to establish research and development institutions on their own and shall protect their legitimate rights and interests against any encroachment.
第三十六條 研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)可以依法在國(guó)外投資，設(shè)立分支機(jī)構(gòu)。
Article 36 Research and development institutions may, in conformity with the law, invest and establish branches abroad.
國(guó)外組織和個(gè)人可以在中國(guó)境內(nèi)依法設(shè)立研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)，也可以與中國(guó)的研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)或者其他組織舉辦中外合資、中外合作研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)。
Foreign organizations or individuals may, in accordance with the law, establish research and development institutions within the territory of China, and may also set up, together with Chinese research and development institutions or other organizations, Chinese foreign equity or contractual research and development institutions.
第六章 科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者
ChapterⅥ Scientific and Technical Workers
第三十七條 科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者是社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的重要力量。國(guó)家采取各種措施，提高科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的社會(huì)地位，通過各種途徑，培養(yǎng)和造就各種專門的科學(xué)技術(shù)人才，創(chuàng)造有利環(huán)境和條件，充分發(fā)揮科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的作用。
Article 37 Scientific and technical workers constitute an important force in the socialist modernization drive. The State shall take various measures to raise the social status of scientific and technical workers, cultivate and bring up through various channels scientific and technical professionals of various specialities and create favourable environments and conditions to bring the role of scientific and technical workers into full play.
第三十八條 各級(jí)人民政府和企業(yè)事業(yè)組織應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施，逐步提高科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的待遇，改善其工作條件和生活條件；對(duì)有突出貢獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者應(yīng)當(dāng)給予優(yōu)厚待遇。
Article 38 People's governments at all levels, enterprises and institutions shall take measures to gradually improve the treatment given to scientific and technical workers, and better their working and living conditions; and special preferential treatment shall be granted to scientific and technical workers with outstanding contributions.
第三十九條 各級(jí)人民政府和企業(yè)事業(yè)組織應(yīng)當(dāng)為科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的合理流動(dòng)創(chuàng)造環(huán)境和條件，發(fā)揮其專長(zhǎng)。
Article 39 People's governments at all levels, enterprises and institutions shall create environments and conditions for the rational mobility of scientific and technical workers so as to give full play of their specialties.
第四十條 對(duì)從事基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究、高技術(shù)研究、重大工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目研究、重大科學(xué)技術(shù)攻關(guān)項(xiàng)目研究和重點(diǎn)社會(huì)公益性科學(xué)技術(shù)研究以及在農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)、少數(shù)民族地區(qū)和惡劣、危險(xiǎn)環(huán)境中工作的科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者，依照國(guó)家規(guī)定給予補(bǔ)貼。
Article 40 Subsidies shall be granted, according to the regulations of the State, to scientific and technical workers engaged in basic research for major construction projects, research for tackling key scientific and technological problems, and research on science and technology for major social and public welfare, and those who work in poverty-stricken rural areas and minority nationality areas or work under adverse and dangerous conditions.
第四十一條 國(guó)家實(shí)行專業(yè)技術(shù)職稱制度�？茖W(xué)技術(shù)工作者可以根據(jù)其學(xué)術(shù)水平、業(yè)務(wù)能力和工作實(shí)績(jī)，取得相應(yīng)的職稱。
Article 41 The State shall practice the system of professional and technical titles. Scientific and technical workers may obtain corresponding titles on the strength of their academic levels, professional abilities and accomplishments in their work.
第四十二條 科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者有依法創(chuàng)辦或者參加科學(xué)技術(shù)社會(huì)團(tuán)體的權(quán)利。
Article 42 Scientific and technical workers shall have the right to establish or participate in, according to law, scientific and technical social bodies.
科學(xué)技術(shù)社會(huì)團(tuán)體應(yīng)當(dāng)在推進(jìn)學(xué)科建設(shè)、普及科學(xué)技術(shù)知識(shí)、培養(yǎng)專門人才、開展咨詢服務(wù)、促進(jìn)學(xué)術(shù)交流、維護(hù)科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者的合法權(quán)益等方面，發(fā)揮積極作用。
Scientific and technical social bodies shall play an active role in advancing the construction of scientific disciplines, popularizing scientific and technical knowledge, training professional personnel, conducting consultation services, promoting academic exchanges, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of scientific and technical workers.
第四十三條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)在國(guó)外的科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者回國(guó)參加社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，或者以其他形式為國(guó)家建設(shè)服務(wù)。
Article 43 The State shall encourage overseas scientific and technical workers to return to the motherland and take part in the socialist modernization drive, or serve the national construction in other ways.
第四十四條 科學(xué)技術(shù)工作者應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守職業(yè)道德，完成本職工作，努力提高自身的科學(xué)技術(shù)水平。
Article 44 Scientific and technical workers shall abide by the professional ethics, fulfill their duties and earnestly upgrade their own scientific and technical levels.
第七章 科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步的保障措施
ChapterⅦ Measures to Guarantee Science and Technology Progress
第四十五條 國(guó)家逐步提高科學(xué)技術(shù)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入的總體水平。
Article 45 The State shall steadily increase the overall level of financial input to science and technology,
全國(guó)研究開發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)應(yīng)當(dāng)占國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值適當(dāng)?shù)谋壤⒅鸩教岣�，同科學(xué)技術(shù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展相適應(yīng)。
The national research and development expenditure shall account for an appropriate proportion in the gross national product, and shall be gradually increased to meet the needs of scientific and technological advances and economic and social development .
全國(guó)研究開發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)占國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值的具體比例，由國(guó)務(wù)院予以規(guī)定。
The specific ratio of the national research and development expenditure in the gross national product shall be set by the State Council
國(guó)家財(cái)政用于科學(xué)技術(shù)的經(jīng)費(fèi)的增長(zhǎng)幅度，高于國(guó)家財(cái)政經(jīng)常性收入的增長(zhǎng)幅度。
The increase scale of the funding for science and technology allocated from the State financial budget shall exceed that of the regular financial revenue of the State.
任何單位和個(gè)人不得挪用、克扣、截留國(guó)家財(cái)政用于科學(xué)技術(shù)的經(jīng)費(fèi)。
No unit or individual shall misappropriate, embezzle part of, or detain the funding for science and technology allocated from the State financial budget.
第四十六條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)增加研究開發(fā)和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的投入。
Article 46 The State shall encourage enterprises to increase their investment in research and development and in technological innovation.
企業(yè)的技術(shù)開發(fā)費(fèi)按實(shí)際發(fā)生額計(jì)入成本費(fèi)用。
The technological development expenditure of enterprises shall be entered into the account as cost in its actual amount.
第四十七條 國(guó)家金融機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)在信貸方面支持科學(xué)技術(shù)成果商品化。
Article 47 The financial institutions of the State shall support the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements by means of credits and loans.
第四十八條 從事技術(shù)開發(fā)的研究開發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)，可以按照國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)定采取多種形式向社會(huì)籌集研究開發(fā)資金。
Article 48 Research and development institutions engaged in technological development may, in accordance with relevant regulations of the State, raise funds for research and development from society by various ways.
第四十九條 國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外的組織或者個(gè)人設(shè)立各類科學(xué)基金，資助科學(xué)研究和技術(shù)開發(fā)。
Article 49 The State shall encourage domestic and foreign organizations or individuals to set up science funds of various kinds to finance scientific research and technological development.
第五十條 國(guó)務(wù)院有關(guān)行政部門和地方各級(jí)人民政府應(yīng)當(dāng)采取措施，發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)信息交流，建立現(xiàn)代化的科學(xué)技術(shù)信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
Article 50 The competent administrative departments under the state Council and locale's governments at all levels shall take measures to promote scientific and technical information exchange and to establish modern scientific and technical information exchange and to establish modern scientific and technical information networks.
第五十一條 國(guó)家建立科學(xué)技術(shù)保密制度，保護(hù)涉及國(guó)家安全和利益的科學(xué)技術(shù)秘密。
Article 51 The State shall institute a science and technology security system to guard scientific and technological secrets concerning national security and interests.
國(guó)家嚴(yán)格控制珍貴的生物種質(zhì)資源出境。
The State shall strictly control the exit from the territory of precious biological species resources.
第八章 科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)
Chatper Ⅷ Science and Technology Awards
第五十二條 國(guó)家建立科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度，對(duì)于在科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步活動(dòng)中做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的公民、組織，給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。
Article 52 The State shall set up a science and technology awarding system to reward citizens and organizations that have made important contributions in their activities of science and technology progress.
第五十三條 國(guó)家對(duì)為科學(xué)技術(shù)事業(yè)發(fā)展做出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的公民，依法授予國(guó)家榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)。
Article 53 The State shall confer, according to law national honorary titles on citizens who have made outstanding contributions to the development of science and technology.
第五十四條 國(guó)務(wù)院設(shè)立自然科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)、技術(shù)發(fā)明獎(jiǎng)、科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)、國(guó)際科學(xué)技術(shù)合作獎(jiǎng)；必要時(shí)，可以設(shè)立其他科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng)。
Article 54 The State Council shall set up Natural Science Prizes, Technological Invention Prizes, Science and technology Progress Prizes, International Science and Technology Cooperation Prizes, and, if necessary, other types of science and technology prizes.
自然科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予在基礎(chǔ)研究和應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究中闡明自然現(xiàn)象、特征和規(guī)律，做出重大科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的公民。
The Natural Science Prizes shall be granted to citizens who have expounded certain phenomenon, traits and laws of nature and made important scientific discoveries in basic research and applied basic research.
技術(shù)發(fā)明獎(jiǎng)授予運(yùn)用科學(xué)技術(shù)知識(shí)做出產(chǎn)品、工藝、材料及其系統(tǒng)等重大技術(shù)發(fā)明的公民。
The Technological Invention Prizes shall be granted to citizens who have made important technological inventions in products, processes, materials or systems by applying scientific and technological knowledge.
科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)授予在應(yīng)用推廣先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)成果，完成重大科學(xué)技術(shù)工程、計(jì)劃和項(xiàng)目，改進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)管理等項(xiàng)工作中有突出貢獻(xiàn)的公民或者組織。
The Scientific and Technological Progress Prizes shall be granted to the citizens or organizations that have made outstanding contributions in the application and popularization of advanced scientific and technological achievements, the accomplishment of major scientific and technological projects, plans and programmes, and the improvement of science and technology management.
國(guó)際科學(xué)技術(shù)合作獎(jiǎng)授予對(duì)中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)事業(yè)做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的外國(guó)公民或者組織。
The International Science and Technology Cooperation Prizes shall be granted to foreign citizens or organizations that have made significant contributions to the cause of China's science and technology.
第五十五條 企業(yè)事業(yè)組織應(yīng)當(dāng)按照國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)定從實(shí)施科學(xué)技術(shù)成果新增留利中提取一定比例，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)完成技術(shù)成果的個(gè)人。
Article 55 Enterprises and institutions shall set aside, in accordancewith relevant regulations of the State, a certain percentage of the newly added profit generated from the application of scientific and technological achievements to reward individuals who have complished the technological achievements.
第五十六條 國(guó)內(nèi)、國(guó)外的組織或者個(gè)人可以設(shè)立科學(xué)技術(shù)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)基金，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)在科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步活動(dòng)中做出突出貢獻(xiàn)的公民或者組織。
Article 56 Organizations or individuals, at home or abroad, may establish science and technology award funds to reward citizens or organizations that have made remarkable contributions in their activities of scientific and technological progress.
第九章 法律責(zé)任
Chapter Ⅸ Legal Liability
第五十七條 違反國(guó)家財(cái)政制度、財(cái)務(wù)制度，挪用、克扣、截留國(guó)家，財(cái)政用于科學(xué)技術(shù)的經(jīng)費(fèi)的，由上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)責(zé)令限期歸還被挪用、克扣、截留的經(jīng)費(fèi)；情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的，由上級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)或者所在單位對(duì)直接責(zé)任人員給予行政處分。
Article 57 Anyone who, in violation of the State public finance administration and financial management system, misappropriates, embezzles part of, or detains the funds for science and technology allocated from the State financial budget, shall be ordered by the competent authorities at higher levels to return within a specified period of time the funds misappropriated, embezzled, and detained; and if circumstances are serious, the person held directly responsible shall be given administrative sanctions by the competent authorities at higher levels or by the unit to which he belongs.
第五十八條 濫用職權(quán)，壓制科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)明或者合理化建議，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的，對(duì)直接責(zé)任人員給予行政處分。
Article 58 In case of abusing power to suppress scientific and technological inventions or rationalization proposals, the person held directly responsible shall, if circumstances are serious, be given administrative sanctions.
第五十九條 在新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)和科學(xué)技術(shù)成果申報(bào)中采取欺騙手段，獲取優(yōu)惠待遇或者獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的，取消其優(yōu)惠待遇和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，并給予行政處罰或者行政處分。
Article 59 Anyone who obtains preferential treatment or awards by resorting to fraud in the development of new technologies and new products and in the declaration of scientific and technological achievements shall be deprived of the preferential treatment or awards and be concurrently given administrative penalties or sanctions.
參加科學(xué)技術(shù)成果鑒定的人員故意做出虛假鑒定的，由有關(guān)主管部門給予行政處分。
Persons who, taking part in appraising scientific and technological achievements, deliberately made false appraisal shall be given administrative sanctions by the competent authorities concerned.
第六十條 剽竊、篡改、假冒或者以其他方式侵害他人著作權(quán)、專利權(quán)、發(fā)現(xiàn)權(quán)、發(fā)明權(quán)和其他科學(xué)技術(shù)成果權(quán)的，非法竊取技術(shù)秘密的，依照有關(guān)法律的規(guī)定處理。
Article 60 Anyone who encroaches upon another person's copyright, patent right, right of discovery, right of invention or right of scientific and technological achievements by means of plagiarism, alteration or imitation, or who illegally usurps technical secrets, shall be dealt with in accordance with relevant provisions of the law.
第十章 附則
Chapter Ⅹ Supplementary Provisions
第六十一條 國(guó)務(wù)院科學(xué)技術(shù)行政部門和有關(guān)行政部門根據(jù)本法制定實(shí)施辦法，報(bào)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)施行。
Article 61 The administrative department in charge of science and technology under the State Council and other relevant administrative departments shall formulate implementing measures in accordance with this Law, and shall submit them to the State Council for approval prior to implementation.
第六十二條 本法自1993年10月1日起施行。
Article 62 This Law shall enter into force as of October 1,1993.
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